Estimation
Target
1 billion registered user. Each free user has 1TB storage space.
Daily active user represents 20% of the entire user, namely 0.2 billion.
Each DAU uploads and downloads 4 file per day.
Throughput
Average and peak QPS.
# Average QPS
0.2 * 10^9 * 4 files / (24 * 60 * 60) = 10^4
# Peak QPS
2 * 10^4
Bandwidth
Suppose that each file uploaded/downloaded is 1MB.
# Average bandwidth
10^4 * 1MB = 10 GB/s = 80Gb/s
# Peak bandwidth
160 Gb/s
Storage
Lots of files are duplicated (Videos, books, software installation packages). And most users won't use the entire space. Instead they typically only use 10% of the entire space.
The total space needed is
1 * 10^9 * 1TB * 10% = 10^8 TB
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